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NEW QUESTION # 24
What type of decision may significantly affect lead time for systems development?

  • A. Approved budget, required development tools, and dedicated team members
  • B. Using relative size estimating
  • C. Using firm fixed price contracts
  • D. Prioritizing the product backlog using WSJF

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Government Article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, using firm fixed price contracts may significantly affect lead time for systems development. The article states that "Firm fixed price (FFP) contracts are often used in government programs, but they are not well suited for Agile development. FFP contracts typically require detailed specifications and fixed scope, which are incompatible with the iterative and adaptive nature of Agile. FFP contracts also create a misalignment of incentives between the contractor and the government, as they reward the contractor for delivering the minimum acceptable solution, rather than the best possible value. FFP contracts also discourage collaboration and feedback, as any change in scope or requirements may trigger lengthy negotiations and contract modifications." Therefore, the correct answer is A, using firm fixed price contracts. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the types of decisions that may significantly affect lead time for systems development. Using relative size estimating (B) is a common Agile practice that helps teams plan and track their work. Approved budget, required development tools, and dedicated team members are enablers, not impediments, of systems development. Prioritizing the product backlog using WSJF (D) is a method of applying an economic view to optimize value delivery.


NEW QUESTION # 25
Which represents a good example of an agency Strategic Theme?

  • A. Improve cost and schedule performance of IT projects
  • B. Comply with agency development lifecycle regulations
  • C. Create a 'one-stop shop' for all citizen-facing services provided by the agency
  • D. Reduce agency IT spend

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Strategic Themes article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, strategic themes are portfolio-level business objectives that provide competitive differentiation and strategic advantage. They provide business context for portfolio strategy and decision-making, representing aspects of the enterprise's strategic intent. Strategic themes are best stated in Objective and Key Result (OKR) format. Written in plain business language, these OKRs say what the portfolio will pursue, thus providing decision-makers and contributors at all levels the clarity needed for decentralized decision-making. Therefore, the correct answer is D, create a 'one-stop shop' for all citizen-facing services provided by the agency. This is a good example of an agency strategic theme, as it expresses a clear and measurable goal that aligns with the agency's vision and mission. The other options are not accurate, as they are not good examples of agency strategic themes. Comply with agency development lifecycle regulations (A) is not a strategic theme, but a compliance requirement that applies to all solutions. Reduce agency IT spend (B) is not a strategic theme, but a cost-cutting measure that does not reflect the value proposition of the agency. Improve cost and schedule performance of IT projects is not a strategic theme, but a project management metric that does not capture the business outcomes of the solutions.


NEW QUESTION # 26
What assists with Epic evaluation and decision-making?

  • A. Strategic Themes
  • B. Program Budgets
  • C. Lean Budgets
  • D. Solution Intent

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the SAFe for Government course, strategic themes assist with epic evaluation and decision-making. Strategic themes are specific, itemized business objectives that connect a portfolio to the enterprise's business strategy1. They provide guidance for the portfolio vision, budget allocation, and the prioritization of epics1. Strategic themes help to align the portfolio with the enterprise's mission and vision, and to ensure that the epics deliver the most value to the customers and stakeholders1.
Strategic themes are specific business objectives that connect a portfolio to the enterprise strategy. They provide guidance for the portfolio vision, budget allocation, and metric selection. They also assist with epic evaluation and decision-making by providing a context for assessing the value and alignment of epics12
1: [Strategic Themes - Scaled Agile Framework] 2: Epic - Scaled Agile Framework


NEW QUESTION # 27
Which statement describes uncommitted objectives?

  • A. They are included in the PI commitment, making the commitment more reliable
  • B. They are reflected in the team's load but not the capacity
  • C. Teams have low confidence they can meet the objective, but include in their plan
  • D. Extra tasks a team could do in case they have time

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the PI Objectives article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, uncommitted objectives are used to identify work that can be variable within the scope of a PI. The article states that "Uncommitted objectives help improve the predictability of delivering business value since they are not included in the team's commitment or counted against teams in the ART predictability measure. Uncommitted objectives are used to identify work that can be variable within the scope of a PI. The work is planned, but the outcome is simply not certain. Teams can apply uncommitted objectives whenever there is low confidence in meeting the objective, but include in their plan." Therefore, the correct answer is B, teams have low confidence they can meet the objective, but include in their plan. The other options are not accurate, as they do not reflect the definition of uncommitted objectives.


NEW QUESTION # 28
How can Lean-Agile leaders exemplify the SAFe Core Value of alignment?

  • A. Government and vendor managers prepare joint status reports
  • B. Invite vendor program managers to government management meetings
  • C. Participate in backlog visibility, review, and preparation
  • D. Demonstrate quality by refusing to accept or ship low quality work

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
One way that Lean-Agile leaders can exemplify the SAFe Core Value of alignment is by participating in backlog visibility, review, and preparation1. This means that leaders are actively involved in understanding and prioritizing the work items that deliver value to the customers and stakeholders. They also provide feedback and guidance to the teams and trains that execute the work. By participating in backlog management, leaders can ensure that the work is aligned with the vision, mission, and strategy of the enterprise or government agency2.
1: The Evolving Role of Managers in Lean-Agile Development - Scaled Agile Framework 2: Core Values - Scaled Agile Framework


NEW QUESTION # 29
How does the Incremental Capability Review help streamline execution reviews?

  • A. It ensures manual review of processes
  • B. It is the default for phase-gate reviews
  • C. It is a document-based progress measure
  • D. It is an objective-based progress review

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Adapting Governance Practices to Support Agility and Lean Flow of Value article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, the Incremental Capability Review is an objective-based progress review that replaces the traditional phase-gate reviews. The article states that "The Incremental Capability Review (ICR) is a new governance practice that provides a more effective way to measure progress and manage risk. It is based on the principle of objective evidence of working systems rather than subjective opinions and documentation. The ICR is a lightweight, collaborative, and transparent review process that aligns with the PI cadence and events. It leverages the System Demo, Inspect and Adapt, and PI Planning to provide frequent and incremental checks of the solution's fitness for purpose and compliance with relevant standards and regulations." Therefore, the correct answer is A, it is an objective-based progress review. The other options are not accurate, as the ICR is not the default for phase-gate reviews, it is not a document-based progress measure, and it does not ensure manual review of processes.


NEW QUESTION # 30
In a SAFe Roadmap, which PIs are committed?

  • A. The first two
  • B. All
  • C. The first one
  • D. The first three

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Roadmap article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, in a SAFe Roadmap, only the first PI is committed. The article states that "The committed PI shows the results of the teams' most recent PI Planning event where they committed to event the program's PI Objectives. The forecast may provide the deliverables and milestones for the following two PIs." Therefore, the correct answer is A, the first one. The other options are not accurate, as they imply that more than one PI is committed, which is not the case. The roadmap is a forecast, not a guarantee, of future PIs.


NEW QUESTION # 31
Which statement is true about Lean-Agile development and contracting?

  • A. Quality is built-in through collaboration and automation
  • B. Lean-Agile development contracts eliminate change orders
  • C. Lean-Agile development cannot be acquired with a fixed price contract
  • D. They are based on a foundation of compliance

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
The true statement about Lean-Agile development and contracting is A. Quality is built-in through collaboration and automation. Lean-Agile development is an iterative and incremental approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility, adaptability, and continuous improvement. Quality is not something that is added at the end of the development cycle, but rather something that is embedded throughout the process. Lean-Agile teams collaborate with customers and stakeholders to define clear and testable acceptance criteria for each work item. They also use automation tools to perform frequent testing, integration, and deployment of the software, ensuring that the solution meets the quality standards and compliance requirements12.
1: Advanced Topic - Agile Contracts - Scaled Agile Framework 2: Government - Building in Quality and Compliance - Scaled Agile Framework


NEW QUESTION # 32
Which statement is true about optimizing batch sizes for newly-formed SAFe teams in a program?

  • A. Batch size is optimized when transaction and holding costs seldom change
  • B. Batch size is optimized immediately by looking at transaction and holding costs
  • C. Batch size optimization happens over time as teams figure out the balance between holding cost and transaction cost
  • D. Batch size is already optimized if there is continuous flow

Answer: C


NEW QUESTION # 33
Which reduces the cone of uncertainty?

  • A. Convergence of flexible specifications with design sets
  • B. Convergence of alternatives with flexible specifications
  • C. Convergence of architectures with design sets
  • D. Convergence of requirements with designs

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Build Incrementally with Fast, Integrated Learning Cycles article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, convergence of requirements with designs reduces the cone of uncertainty. The article states that "The cone of uncertainty describes the uncertainty and risk in estimates at different phases of development. The cone narrows as the project progresses, reflecting the fact that there is less uncertainty and risk as more is learned about the requirements and design of the system. The goal is to reduce the cone of uncertainty as quickly as possible by converging on the requirements and design through fast feedback and learning cycles." Therefore, the correct answer is A, convergence of requirements with designs. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the terms that describe reducing the cone of uncertainty. Convergence of alternatives with flexible specifications (B), convergence of architectures with design sets , and convergence of flexible specifications with design sets (D) are not concepts that are used in the Scaled Agile Framework.


NEW QUESTION # 34
At what levels are confidence votes taken once dependencies and program risks are addressed?

  • A. Program and Branch
  • B. Program and Train
  • C. Program and Team
  • D. Program and Portfolio

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the PI Planning article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, confidence votes are taken at the program and team levels once dependencies and program risks are addressed. The article states that "After discussing plans and dependencies, each team member casts a vote, usually on a scale of 1 to 5. This collective feedback helps identify potential risks, enabling teams to address concerns and enhance their overall chances of success." The article also states that "The RTE then facilitates a program-level confidence vote, where the Business Owners and other stakeholders assess the feasibility and economic outcomes of the plan." Therefore, the correct answer is D, program and team. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the levels at which confidence votes are taken. Portfolio, branch, and train are not relevant terms in the context of PI planning.


NEW QUESTION # 35
Which three items are part of SAFe's Core Values? (Choose three.)

  • A. Relentless improvement
  • B. Assume variability
  • C. Program execution
  • D. Transparency
  • E. Alignment
  • F. Decentralized decision-making

Answer: A,D,E

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Core Values article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, the three items that are part of SAFe's Core Values are alignment, relentless improvement, and transparency. The article states that "The four Core Values of alignment, transparency, respect for people, and relentless improvement represent the foundational beliefs that are key to SAFe's effectiveness. These tenets help guide the behaviors and actions of everyone participating in a SAFe portfolio." Therefore, the correct answers are A, alignment, B, relentless improvement, and F, transparency. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the core values of SAFe.
Decentralized decision-making is a principle, not a value, of SAFe. Program execution is an outcome, not a value, of SAFe. Assume variability is not a term used in SAFe.


NEW QUESTION # 36
What two visual reporting tools can be used to help maintain fiduciary tracking of government technology programs? (Choose two.)

  • A. Detailed spreadsheets
  • B. Integrated master schedules
  • C. Feature progress charts
  • D. Pro formas
  • E. Burn-up charts

Answer: C,E

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Government Article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, feature progress charts and burn-up charts are two visual reporting tools that can be used to help maintain fiduciary tracking of government technology programs. The article states that "SAFe provides a wide array of metrics and management tools to monitor program performance. Other metrics-such as feature progress charts, ART Kanban boards, burn-up charts, and continuous flow diagrams (Figure 3)-make program performance highly visible and transparent, enabling better fiduciary control." Therefore, the correct answers are C, feature progress charts, and D, burn-up charts. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the visual reporting tools that can be used to help maintain fiduciary tracking of government technology programs. Detailed spreadsheets (A) are not visual tools, but rather data sources that can be used to create visual reports. Pro formas (B) are financial statements that project future outcomes, not track current performance. Integrated master schedules (E) are traditional project management tools that show the dependencies and milestones of various tasks, not the value delivery and progress of features.


NEW QUESTION # 37
Which aspect of leading by example challenges Lean-Agile leaders to 'walk the talk' by being a role model of desired professional and ethical behaviors by acting with honesty, integrity, and transparency?

  • A. Authenticity
  • B. Life-long learning
  • C. Decentralized decision-making
  • D. Emotional intelligence

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
Authenticity is the aspect of leading by example that challenges Lean-Agile leaders to 'walk the talk' by being a role model of desired professional and ethical behaviors by acting with honesty, integrity, and transparency1.
Authentic leaders are genuine, self-aware, and trustworthy. They align their actions with their words and values, and they inspire trust and respect from others2. Authenticity helps leaders create a culture of openness, collaboration, and continuous learning in their organizations3.
1: Lean-Agile Leadership - Scaled Agile Framework 2: What Is One Way Lean-agile Leaders Lead by Example? - CGAA 3: Three Dimensions of Lean-Agile Leadership: A Guide for Leading Your ...


NEW QUESTION # 38
When do organizations begin realizing better results when following the Implementation Roadmap?

  • A. Once all steps in the roadmap are complete
  • B. Once all training classes have been completed
  • C. As soon as the first Program Increment
  • D. Once the predictability measure exceeds 80%

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Implementation Roadmap article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, organizations begin realizing better results when following the Implementation Roadmap as soon as the first Program Increment (PI). The article states that "The first PI is a critical milestone. It's the first time the new ART delivers a fully integrated and tested increment of value. It's also the first time the ART demonstrates its new way of working to the enterprise and its stakeholders. The first PI is a big deal. It's a celebration of the new culture and the new way of working. It's also the first time the enterprise can see the benefits of the new approach." Therefore, the correct answer is B, as soon as the first Program Increment. The other options are not accurate, as the roadmap consists of more than just steps, training, or metrics. It is a continuous journey of learning and improvement.


NEW QUESTION # 39
What describes converting unpredictable events into predictable ones?

  • A. Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration
  • B. Program Increment (PI) Planning
  • C. Backlog refinement
  • D. Cadence

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Apply Cadence, Synchronize with Cross-Domain Planning article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, cadence is the term that describes converting unpredictable events into predictable ones.
The article states that "Cadence is the rhythm, or heartbeat, of the Agile Release Train (ART). It provides a steady and predictable pattern for planning, developing, and delivering value. Cadence helps teams manage the variability inherent in product development. By converting unpredictable events into predictable ones, cadence enables fast and reliable decision-making." Therefore, the correct answer is C, cadence. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the terms that describe converting unpredictable events into predictable ones.
Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration (A) is a special iteration that occurs at the end of every Program Increment (PI) and provides an opportunity for innovation, planning, and system-level integration and testing.
Program Increment (PI) Planning (B) is a face-to-face event that serves as the heartbeat of the ART, aligning all the teams on the ART to a shared mission and vision. Backlog refinement (D) is the process of breaking down, estimating, and prioritizing the backlog items.


NEW QUESTION # 40
Which statement is true for estimating and forecasting in SAFe?

  • A. Feature estimation is independent of team-level input
  • B. Work breakdown structure to the task level helps increase estimation accuracy
  • C. Epics should be estimated by the Epic Owner
  • D. ART velocities are used to conduct 'what if' analysis

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Applying Lean Estimating and Forecasting in Cadence article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, ART velocities are used to conduct 'what if' analysis for estimating and forecasting in SAFe. The article states that "The ART velocity is used to conduct 'what if' analysis, which helps determine the feasibility of the plan and the number of features that can be delivered in a PI. The ART velocity is also used to forecast the delivery of features and capabilities beyond the current PI." Therefore, the correct answer is C, ART velocities are used to conduct 'what if' analysis. The other options are not accurate, as they are not the statements that are true for estimating and forecasting in SAFe. Feature estimation is not independent of team-level input (A), as teams are involved in estimating the size and complexity of features using story points or normalized story points. Epics are not estimated by the Epic Owner (B), as they are estimated collaboratively by the Epic Owner, Enterprise Architect, and Lean Portfolio Management. Work breakdown structure to the task level does not help increase estimation accuracy (D), as it introduces unnecessary overhead and delays feedback.


NEW QUESTION # 41
When should government technology programs be organized as Solution Trains?

  • A. When the program crosses multiple agency divisions or branches
  • B. When the size and complexity require two or more ARTs
  • C. When the program involves classified information
  • D. When the cost of the program exceeds $100M

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Solution Train article on the Scaled Agile Framework website, Solution Trains are the organizational construct used to build large solutions that require the coordination of multiple ARTs and suppliers. The article states that "Solution Trains form for different reasons. Some trains form with new ARTs and Agile Teams to specifically address a large initiative, while others begin by combining existing ARTs and teams." Therefore, the correct answer is D, when the size and complexity require two or more ARTs. The other options are not relevant to the definition of a Solution Train.


NEW QUESTION # 42
What are Business Epics in SAFe?

  • A. Solutions to address financial constraints
  • B. Solution descriptions for the business
  • C. System attributes that deliver business value
  • D. An Agile term that is equivalent to a government program

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
Business epics are large initiatives in SAFe that drive business value and typically cross the organizational boundaries (release trains), time boundaries (Program Increments), or both1. They are solution descriptions for the business that capture the more substantial investments that occur within a portfolio2. Business epics directly deliver business value, while enabler epics are used to advance the Architectural Runway to support upcoming business or technical needs2.
1: Implementation Strategies for Business Epics - Scaled Agile Framework 2: Epic - Scaled Agile Framework


NEW QUESTION # 43
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